au-4, u- (: u̯ē̆-, u̯o-)

    au-4, u- (: u̯ē̆-, u̯o-)

    English meaning: that; other

    Deutsche Übersetzung: Pronominalstamm “jener”, also gegenũberstellend “alter, alius”, “andrerseits, hinwiederum”, in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Satzgliedern gesetzt “dér einerseits - dér andrerseits”, “einerseits - andrerseits”.

    Material: au̯o: O.Ind. Av. O.Pers. ava- “ that “; O.C.S. aRuss. ovъ- - ovъ- “ on the one hand - on the other hand which appears - other “, ovogda - ovogda “ one time - the other time “ (from this correlative use only Pol. ów corresponds to English deictic "I" and Serb. òvaj a deictic word meaning "that", also nBulg. -v [*u̯o-s] developed). u-: O.Ind. amú- (acc. sg. amúm etc) “that, yonder”, arise from acc. sg. m. *am (= IE *e-m “eum”) + *um (acc. sg. of ours stem u); s. Wackernagel-Debrunner III 550 f. Toch. A ok, В uk “ still “, A oki “ as, and “, A okük “ up to “, perhaps only *u-g (zero grade to Goth. auk); from in addition В om(p)ne, omte “ there “? Particle O.Ind. u “ thus, also, on the other hand, there again, against it “, emphasizing esp. after verbal forms, Pron. and particles (nō “ and not, not “ = ná u, athō = atha u), Gk. -υ in πάν-υ “ even very much “, Goth. -u interrogative particle (also the enclitic -uh from -u-qʷe, s. Brugmann IF. 33, 173); this u also in O.Ind. a-süú m. f. “that, yonder”, Av. hüu m. f., ap. hauv m. “that, yonder”, Wackernagel-Debrunner III 529, 541. Particle O.Ind. u-tü, in both parts “ on the one hand - on the other hand, soon - soon, - as “, or only in the second part, a little bit opposing “ and, thus “ (nachved. in ity-uta, kim-uta, praty-uta), Av. uta, ap. utü “and, and also”; Gk. ἠύτε “ just as “ from *ἠF(ε) + υτε (originally “ as on the other hand “, “ as, also “), but Hom. εὖτε “ὅτε” from εὖ + τε after Debrunner IF. 45, 185 ff.; δεῦτε is formed in addition to δεῦρο; also οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο most probably from ὁ, ἁ, το + υτε with additional final inflection; WestGmc. -od in O.S. thar-od, O.H.G. thar-ot “ thither, there “, O.S. her-od, O.H.G. her-ot “ here “, whereupon also O.S. hwarod “ whither, where “, O.H.G. warot “ whither, where “ (from *ute? or from *utü̆ ? Also *aute, *auti, see below, would be possible basic form). Here Av. uiti, gthAv. ūitī “ so “, but not Lat. ut and utī, aLat. utei. Beside u, utü etc. stands with the ablaut grade IE au-: Gk. αὖ “ on the other hand, again “, *αὖτι “ again” (extended to Ion. αὖτις, gort. αὖτιν, after antique grammarians for “ right away, there “, where from αὐτίκα “ at the moment, straight away “, αὖ-θι”on the spot, here, there “, αὖτε “ again, thus, further “; Lat. aut (*auti) “ or”, autem “ however “ (to the form see WH. I 87), Osc. aut, auti “ or “ and “ but, on the other hand, on the contrary, however “ (to meaning see v. Planta II 465); maybe Alb.Gheg o “or” from Ital. o “or” Umbr. ute, ote “aut”; perhaps Goth. auk “ then, but “, O.N. auk “also, and”, O.E. ēac, O.S. ōk, O.H.G. ouh “ and, thus, but “, Ger. also = Gk. αὖ-γε “ again “. Pedersen Pron. dém. 315 supposes Gk. αὖ suitable form in the initial sound of from Alb. a-që “ so much”. - Brugmann BSGW. 60, 23 a 2 lines up in Gk. αὐ-τός as “ (he) himself - (he) of his own, self “; other interpretations see with Schwyzer Gk. I 613 f. Maybe Alb. (*aut-) vetë ‘self” [common Alb. prothetic v- before bare initial vowels]. With r-forms aIran. avar “ here”, Lith. aurè “ see there! “, zero grade Umbr. uru “ that, that yonder, that one; emphatically, that well-known; in contrast with hic, the former “, uraku “ad illam”, ures “illis” (orer ose rather with ŏ = ŭ as = Lith. au); perhaps δεῦρο “ here, well, all right, well then (an obsolete interjection meaning "come now") “ (δεύρω after ὀπίσσω under likewise, inschr. δεῦρε after ἄγε) from *δέ-υρο (δε “ here “ + αὐρο “ here “), Schwyzer Gk. I 612, 632. u̯ḗ-, u̯o-: meaning “or” (= “ on the other hand “) esp. in O.Ind. vü “ or “ (also “ even, yet; meanwhile; probably, possibly “; also confirming vüi), Av. ap. vü “ or “ (particle of the emphasis and assurance), O.Ind. Av. vü - vü “ either - or “, Gk. ἠ-(F)έ, ἤ (with proclitic emphasis, proclitic stress for ἦ- (F)ε, as yet in the second part of the double question), Lat. -vĕ “or” (also in ceu, sīve, seu, nēve, neu), also probably Ir. nó, O.Bret. nou “or” (if from *ne-u̯e “ or not “ “ with fading the negative meaning originally in negative sentences, Thurneysen Grammar 551; not more probably after Pedersen KG. I 441 a grown stiff imperative *neu̯e of the verb Ir. atnói “ he entrusts with him “, Gk. νεύω); Toch. В wa-t “ where”. compare also O.Ind. i-vá (: va = ἰ-δέ: δέ) “ just as, exactly the same way “, ē-vá “ in such a way, exactly the same way, just, only “, ēvá m “ so, thus “ (behaves to be confirmed vüi and vü - vü as ē-na- “ this “ to nü - nü “ in different way “, originally “ thus and thus “; with ēvá corresponds Gk. οἶ(F)ος “ only” (“ * just only “), Av. aēva-, O.Pers. aiva- “an, one” (compare with no- demonstrative IE *oi-no-s “ an, one “).

    References: S. esp. Brugmann Dem. 96 f., Grundr. II2 2, 341-343, 350, 731 f. m. Lith. II2 3, 987, Schwyzer Gk. I 629, 632, 804, Boisacq s. v. αὖ, etc WP. I 187 f., WH. I 87, 209, Van Windekens Lexique 78, 80.